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支具治疗脊柱侧弯的病例:X光片上的真实进展

四例接近或超过手术指征的脊柱侧弯,使用日用和夜用支具治疗:治疗前后Cobb角、疗程及依从性方面的经验。

支具治疗脊柱侧弯的病例:X光片上的真实进展

当孩子被诊断为接近手术指征的重度脊柱侧弯时,许多家庭在选择治疗方向上十分茫然。本文介绍诊所的四个真实病例,并附各阶段X光片上的Cobb角。

姓名等身份信息已去除。这些是个案,不能取代科学证据;每个孩子的结果取决于年龄、骨骼成熟度、侧弯类型和依从性。

要点

  • 病例1(男,16岁):S形侧弯43°和41°;近3年日夜支具;生长结束时低于20°(18°和16.2°),未手术。
  • 病例2(女,15岁):21°;2年后9°,随后维持佩戴并成功脱支具。
  • 病例3(女,14岁):52°和29°;1.5个月后22.5°和21.5°。支具被放松后,部分矫正丢失。
  • 病例4(男,15岁):40°;3个月后20°,脱支具时17.4°,约11°保持6个月。
How to read the films: four standing spine X-rays of the same teenager, taken over time from left to right. The green circles and lines are how the Cobb angle is measured on software; the two numbers are the angles of the two curves (upper and lower) of the double S-curve. A Cobb angle of 10° or more counts as scoliosis. Progress: 11/2019 initial 43° and 41° → 6/2020 22.9° and 33° → 3/2021 19.7° and 20.4° → later 18° and 16.2° (below 20°). This is the result of one child and does not represent every child.
How to read the films: four standing spine X-rays of the same teenager, taken over time from left to right. The green circles and lines are how the Cobb angle is measured on software; the two numbers are the angles of the two curves (upper and lower) of the double S-curve. A Cobb angle of 10° or more counts as scoliosis. Progress: 11/2019 initial 43° and 41° → 6/2020 22.9° and 33° → 3/2021 19.7° and 20.4° → later 18° and 16.2° (below 20°). This is the result of one child and does not represent every child.

科学证据

  • BrAIST试验(NEJM,2013年):支具组成功率72%,观察组48%,成功率随佩戴时长上升。
  • 个案报告不能取代证据;对许多大角度侧弯,手术仍是恰当的选择。
Full-length frontal and lateral X-rays of the case (source: dungcuchinhhinh.vn)
Full-length frontal and lateral X-rays of the case (source: dungcuchinhhinh.vn)
Reunion after completing treatment, with the brace that was used (source: dungcuchinhhinh.vn)
Reunion after completing treatment, with the brace that was used (source: dungcuchinhhinh.vn)

实用建议

  • 矫正的最佳时机是孩子仍在生长时。
  • 支具应个体化制作,检查支具内矫正,并随生长调整。
  • 确保支具穿得紧贴且时长足够。
  • 定期拍X光片,测量穿支具和不穿支具时的角度。

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如果您的孩子有脊柱侧弯征象或被建议手术,请携带X光片前来咨询:+84 985 211 888。

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